Planets in houses · Dusthana
Surya in the 12th house
Sun · Vyaya Bhava
Surya is the karaka (significator) of soul, father, authority and vitality. The 12th house, called Vyaya Bhava, shows expenses, foreign lands and moksha. When Surya sits here, these matters take on its colour.
In the 12th house a malefic can raise expenses, losses or sleep trouble, but also helps detachment and work abroad.
The 12th house is a dusthana (house of difficulty), so results here come through challenges and need conscious handling.
Surya gives its best results here when it is exalted in Mesha, in its own sign (Simha) or in a friendly sign, and when it is not combust.
Results are weaker if the Sun is debilitated in Tula or afflicted by Saturn or Rahu.
In transit (gochar)
When Surya transits the 12th house counted from your Moon sign, the period traditionally needs more care.
A single placement is never read alone: sign, aspects, conjunctions, dasha and the whole chart change the outcome.