Planets in houses · Maraka
Surya in the 2nd house
Sun · Dhana Bhava
Surya is the karaka (significator) of soul, father, authority and vitality. The 2nd house, called Dhana Bhava, shows wealth, family and speech. When Surya sits here, these matters take on its colour.
In the 2nd house a malefic can make speech sharp and finances uneven, and calls for care in family relations.
The 2nd house is a maraka (sensitive) house as well as a house of resources, so results depend strongly on the graha's dignity.
Surya gives its best results here when it is exalted in Mesha, in its own sign (Simha) or in a friendly sign, and when it is not combust.
Results are weaker if the Sun is debilitated in Tula or afflicted by Saturn or Rahu.
In transit (gochar)
When Surya transits the 2nd house counted from your Moon sign, the period traditionally needs more care.
A single placement is never read alone: sign, aspects, conjunctions, dasha and the whole chart change the outcome.